Superior Vena Cava Syndrome

KEYPOINTS

• A syndrome of dyspnea, headache, swelling of the face, neck and upper limbs should alert to this possible diagnosis. Occurs as a result of compression or obstruction of the superior vena cava
• Can sometimes be life threatening but usually occurs with a gradual increase in signs and symptoms

ASSESSMENT

(see Foreword)

• Chest X Ray or CT Scan will aid diagnosis

MANAGEMENT

• Dexamethasone should be used in the short term
• Radiotherapy may help with tumour causing external compression

Consider if patient is well enough to benefit

PITFALLS/CONCERNS

• Tends to occur late in the disease trajectory of children

PALLIATIVE TIPS

• May also be caused by thrombus around a subclavian arterial catheter

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